# THE
HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE
VOL. II.

LONDON: PRINTED BY
SPOTTISWOODE AND CO., NEW-STREET SQUARE
AND PARLIAMENT STREET

THE
HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY
OF
EUROPE

BY
EDWARD A. FREEMAN, D.C.L., LL.D.
HONORARY FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, OXFORD

IN TWO VOLUMES

VOL. II.—MAPS

LONDON
LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO.
1881
All rights reserved

## LIST OF MAPS.

Nos.
I. | HOMERIC GREECE AND THE NEIGHBOURING LANDS.
II. | GREECE AND THE GREEK COLONIES.
III. | GREECE IN THE FIFTH CENTURY B.C.
IV. | THE LANDS ROUND THE ÆGÆAN AT THE BEGINNING OF THE KLEOMENIC WAR.
V. | DOMINIONS AND DEPENDENCIES OF ALEXANDER, circa B.C. 323.
VI. | KINGDOMS OF THE SUCCESSORS OF ALEXANDER, c. B.C. 300.
VII. | ITALY BEFORE THE GROWTH OF THE ROMAN POWER.
VIII. | THE MEDITERRANEAN LANDS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE SECOND PUNIC WAR.
IX. | THE ROMAN DOMINIONS AT THE END OF THE MITHRIDATIC WAR, B.C. 64.
X. | THE ROMAN EMPIRE AT THE DEATH OF AUGUSTUS, A.D. 13.
XI. | THE ROMAN EMPIRE UNDER TRAJAN, A.D. 117.
XII. | THE ROMAN EMPIRE DIVIDED INTO PREFECTURES.
XIII. | EUROPE IN THE REIGN OF THEODORIC, c. A.D. 500.
XIV. | EUROPE AT THE DEATH OF JUSTINIAN, A.D. 565.
XV. | EUROPE END OF SEVENTH CENTURY, A.D. 695.
XVI. | GREATEST EXTENT OF THE SARACEN DOMINIONS.
XVII. | EUROPE IN THE TIME OF CHARLES THE GREAT, A.D. 814.
XVIII. | THE WESTERN EMPIRE AS DIVIDED AT VERDUN, A.D. 843.
XIX. | THE WESTERN EMPIRE AS DIVIDED A.D. 870.
XX. | THE WESTERN EMPIRE AS DIVIDED A.D. 887.
XXI. | CENTRAL EUROPE, c. A.D. 980.
XXII. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1180.
XXIII. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1360.
XXIV. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1460.
XXV. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1555.
XXVI. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1660.
XXVII. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1780.
XXVIII. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1801.
XXIX. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1810.
XXX. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1815.
XXXI. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1860.
XXXII. | CENTRAL EUROPE, A.D. 1871.
XXXIII. | BOUNDARIES OF FRANCE, A.D. 1555, 1715, 1791, 1871.
XXXIV. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 910.
XXXV. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1000.
XXXVI. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1040-1070.
XXXVII. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1105.
XXXVIII. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1180.
XXXIX. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1210.
XL. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1340.
XLI. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1354-1358.
XLII. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1401.
XLIII. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1444.
XLIV. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1464.
XLV. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1672.
XLVI. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1700.
XLVII. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, c. A.D. 1727.
XLVIII. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, A.D. 1861.
XLIX. | SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, ACCORDING TO THE TREATY OF BERLIN, A.D. 1878.
L. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1000.
LI. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1220.
LII. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1270.
LIII. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1350-60.
LIV. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1400.
LV. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1478.
LVI. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1563.
LVII. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1617.
LVIII. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1701.
LIX. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1772.
LX. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1795.
LXI. | THE BALTIC LANDS, c. A.D. 1809.
LXII. | THE SPANISH KINGDOMS, A.D. 1030.
LXIII. | THE SPANISH KINGDOMS, A.D. 1210.
LXIV. | THE SPANISH KINGDOMS, A.D. 1360.
LXV. | THE SPANISH KINGDOMS, AND THEIR EUROPEAN DEPENDENCIES UNDER CHARLES THE FIFTH.

[Transcriber’s Note: If supported by your device, click any map to view a larger version.]

I

HOMERIC GREECE
and the
NEIGHBOURING LANDS

II

GREECE
and the
GREEK COLONIES

III

GREECE
in the
Fifth century B.C.

IV

THE LANDS round the ÆGÆAN
at the beginning of
THE KLEOMENIC WAR.
C. B.C. 227.

V

DOMINIONS
and DEPENDENCIES of
ALEXANDER
c. B.C. 323.

VI

KINGDOMS
of the
SUCCESSORS of ALEXANDER
C. B.C. 300

VII

ITALY
before the growth of the
Roman Power

VIII

THE MEDITERRANEAN LANDS
at the beginning of the
SECOND PUNIC WAR

IX

THE ROMAN DOMINIONS
at the end of the
MITHRIDATIC WAR
B.C. 64.

X

THE ROMAN EMPIRE
AT THE DEATH OF AUGUSTUS
A.D. 13.

XI

THE ROMAN EMPIRE
UNDER TRAJAN
A.D. 117.

XII

THE ROMAN EMPIRE
divided into
PREFECTURES

XIII

EUROPE
in the reign of
THEODORIC
C. A.D. 500.

XIV

EUROPE
at the death of
JUSTINIAN
565.

XV

EUROPE
END OF 7TH CENTURY
695

XVI

GREATEST EXTENT
of the
SARACEN DOMINIONS

XVII

EUROPE
in the time of
CHARLES THE GREAT
814

XVIII

THE WESTERN EMPIRE
as divided at Verdun
843

XIX

THE WESTERN EMPIRE
as divided
870

XX

THE WESTERN EMPIRE
as divided
887

XXI

CENTRAL EUROPE
C. 980

XXII

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1180

XXIII

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1360

XXIV

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1460

XXV

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1555

XXVI

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1660

XXVII

CENTRAL EUROPE
1780

XXVIII

CENTRAL EUROPE
1801

XXIX

CENTRAL EUROPE
1810

XXX

CENTRAL EUROPE
1815

XXXI

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1860

XXXII

XXXIII

CENTRAL
EUROPE
1871

BOUNDARY of FRANCE

1555
1715
1791
1871

XXXIV

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 910

XXXV

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1000

XXXVI

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1040-1070

XXXVII

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1105

XXXVIII

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1180

XXXIX

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1210

XL

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1340

XLI

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1354-1358

XLII

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1401

XLIII

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1444

XLIV

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1464

XLV

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1672

XLVI

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1700

XLVII

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
C. 1727

XLVIII

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
1861

XLIX

SOUTH EASTERN
EUROPE
According to the Treaty of Berlin
1878

L

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1000

LI

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1220

LII

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1270

LIII

THE
BALTIC LANDS
Circa 1350-60

LIV

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1400

LV

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1478

LVI

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1563

LVII

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1617

LVIII

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1701

LIX

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1772

LX

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1795

LXI

THE
BALTIC LANDS
C. 1809

LXII

THE
SPANISH KINGDOMS
1030

LXIII

THE
SPANISH KINGDOMS
1210

LXIV

THE
SPANISH KINGDOMS
1360

LXV

THE
SPANISH KINGDOMS
and their European dependencies under Charles the Fifth

[Transcriber’s Note—the following change was made to this text:
1864 to 1861—“SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE, A.D. 1861.”]